Who belongs where
Production → Department → Department Head → Department Crew
Production
People come together to make the film. The organization disperses; professional relationships continue.
Producer · Writer · Director
Production office · Department heads · Casting
Cast · Shooting crew · Production office
Production management · Department heads · Post
Editorial · Sound · VFX · Color
Producer · Distribution · Marketing
Phases overlap. People, decisions and resources carry forward; the active crew changes with the work.
People combine responsibilities; some specialist departments are absent.
19illustrative people
Illustrative production structure. Real crew size varies significantly by production type, budget, geography, schedule, and creative requirements.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
More dedicated specialists, with a single main shooting unit.
53illustrative people
Illustrative production structure. Real crew size varies significantly by production type, budget, geography, schedule, and creative requirements.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
An example with roughly 100–150 people across preparation, shooting and post.
125illustrative people
Illustrative production structure. Real crew size varies significantly by production type, budget, geography, schedule, and creative requirements.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Representative roles; exact roles vary by production. Roles can overlap, and listed roles are not a staffing formula.
Fictional demo. Reporting lines illustrate one simplified organization, not a universal film hierarchy. Department leads report to the Producer here; other assignments report to their department lead. Communication and software permissions are separate.
Arrows run from supervisor to direct report. The reporting table below lists every relationship.
↓ Department reporting lines
| Person | Assignment | Department | Reports to |
|---|---|---|---|
| Crew member 001 | Producer | Production Management | Production leadership |
| Crew member 002 | Line Producer | Production Management | Crew member 001 · Producer |
| Crew member 003 | UPM where applicable | Production Management | Crew member 001 · Producer |
| Crew member 004 | Production Manager | Production Management | Crew member 001 · Producer |
| Crew member 005 | Production Coordinator | Production Management | Crew member 001 · Producer |
| Crew member 006 | Production Secretary | Production Management | Crew member 001 · Producer |
| Crew member 007 | Production Assistants | Production Management | Crew member 001 · Producer |
| Crew member 008 | Production Assistants | Production Management | Crew member 001 · Producer |
| Crew member 009 | Production Assistants | Production Management | Crew member 001 · Producer |
| Crew member 010 | Production Assistants | Production Management | Crew member 001 · Producer |
| Crew member 011 | 1st AD | Assistant Directors | Crew member 001 · Producer |
| Crew member 012 | 2nd AD | Assistant Directors | Crew member 011 · 1st AD |
| Crew member 013 | Additional ADs where applicable | Assistant Directors | Crew member 011 · 1st AD |
| Crew member 014 | Additional ADs where applicable | Assistant Directors | Crew member 011 · 1st AD |
| Crew member 015 | Additional ADs where applicable | Assistant Directors | Crew member 011 · 1st AD |
| Crew member 016 | Director | Directing | Crew member 001 · Producer |
| Crew member 017 | Assistant to Director | Directing | Crew member 016 · Director |
| Crew member 018 | Additional directing support | Directing | Crew member 016 · Director |
| Crew member 019 | Director of Photography | Camera | Crew member 001 · Producer |
| Crew member 020 | Camera Operators | Camera | Crew member 019 · Director of Photography |
| Crew member 021 | 1st Assistant Camera | Camera | Crew member 019 · Director of Photography |
| Crew member 022 | 2nd Assistant Camera | Camera | Crew member 019 · Director of Photography |
| Crew member 023 | DIT / Data where applicable | Camera | Crew member 019 · Director of Photography |
| Crew member 024 | Specialty camera roles where applicable | Camera | Crew member 019 · Director of Photography |
| Crew member 025 | Specialty camera roles where applicable | Camera | Crew member 019 · Director of Photography |
| Crew member 026 | Specialty camera roles where applicable | Camera | Crew member 019 · Director of Photography |
| Crew member 027 | Specialty camera roles where applicable | Camera | Crew member 019 · Director of Photography |
| Crew member 028 | Key Grip | Grip | Crew member 001 · Producer |
| Crew member 029 | Best Boy Grip | Grip | Crew member 028 · Key Grip |
| Crew member 030 | Grips | Grip | Crew member 028 · Key Grip |
| Crew member 031 | Dolly Grip where applicable | Grip | Crew member 028 · Key Grip |
| Crew member 032 | Dolly Grip where applicable | Grip | Crew member 028 · Key Grip |
| Crew member 033 | Dolly Grip where applicable | Grip | Crew member 028 · Key Grip |
| Crew member 034 | Dolly Grip where applicable | Grip | Crew member 028 · Key Grip |
| Crew member 035 | Gaffer | Electric | Crew member 001 · Producer |
| Crew member 036 | Best Boy Electric | Electric | Crew member 035 · Gaffer |
| Crew member 037 | Electricians | Electric | Crew member 035 · Gaffer |
| Crew member 038 | Electricians | Electric | Crew member 035 · Gaffer |
| Crew member 039 | Electricians | Electric | Crew member 035 · Gaffer |
| Crew member 040 | Electricians | Electric | Crew member 035 · Gaffer |
| Crew member 041 | Electricians | Electric | Crew member 035 · Gaffer |
| Crew member 042 | Production Sound Mixer | Sound | Crew member 001 · Producer |
| Crew member 043 | Boom Operator | Sound | Crew member 042 · Production Sound Mixer |
| Crew member 044 | Sound Utility | Sound | Crew member 042 · Production Sound Mixer |
| Crew member 045 | Production Designer | Art | Crew member 001 · Producer |
| Crew member 046 | Art Director | Art | Crew member 045 · Production Designer |
| Crew member 047 | Set Decoration | Art | Crew member 045 · Production Designer |
| Crew member 048 | Props | Art | Crew member 045 · Production Designer |
| Crew member 049 | Graphic Design | Art | Crew member 045 · Production Designer |
| Crew member 050 | Construction | Art | Crew member 045 · Production Designer |
| Crew member 051 | Set Decorator | Set Decoration | Crew member 001 · Producer |
| Crew member 052 | Leadperson | Set Decoration | Crew member 051 · Set Decorator |
| Crew member 053 | Set Dressers | Set Decoration | Crew member 051 · Set Decorator |
| Crew member 054 | Set Dressers | Set Decoration | Crew member 051 · Set Decorator |
| Crew member 055 | Set Dressers | Set Decoration | Crew member 051 · Set Decorator |
| Crew member 056 | Property Master | Props | Crew member 001 · Producer |
| Crew member 057 | Assistant Props | Props | Crew member 056 · Property Master |
| Crew member 058 | On-set Props | Props | Crew member 056 · Property Master |
| Crew member 059 | Construction Coordinator | Construction | Crew member 001 · Producer |
| Crew member 060 | Carpenters | Construction | Crew member 059 · Construction Coordinator |
| Crew member 061 | Scenic Artists | Construction | Crew member 059 · Construction Coordinator |
| Crew member 062 | Scenic Artists | Construction | Crew member 059 · Construction Coordinator |
| Crew member 063 | Scenic Artists | Construction | Crew member 059 · Construction Coordinator |
| Crew member 064 | Costume Designer | Costume | Crew member 001 · Producer |
| Crew member 065 | Costume Supervisor | Costume | Crew member 064 · Costume Designer |
| Crew member 066 | Set Costumers | Costume | Crew member 064 · Costume Designer |
| Crew member 067 | Set Costumers | Costume | Crew member 064 · Costume Designer |
| Crew member 068 | Hair Department Head | Hair | Crew member 001 · Producer |
| Crew member 069 | Hair Stylists | Hair | Crew member 068 · Hair Department Head |
| Crew member 070 | Makeup Department Head | Makeup | Crew member 001 · Producer |
| Crew member 071 | Makeup Artists | Makeup | Crew member 070 · Makeup Department Head |
| Crew member 072 | Makeup Artists | Makeup | Crew member 070 · Makeup Department Head |
| Crew member 073 | Location Manager | Locations | Crew member 001 · Producer |
| Crew member 074 | Assistant Location Manager | Locations | Crew member 073 · Location Manager |
| Crew member 075 | Location Assistants | Locations | Crew member 073 · Location Manager |
| Crew member 076 | Location Assistants | Locations | Crew member 073 · Location Manager |
| Crew member 077 | Transportation Coordinator | Transportation | Crew member 001 · Producer |
| Crew member 078 | Transportation Captain | Transportation | Crew member 077 · Transportation Coordinator |
| Crew member 079 | Drivers | Transportation | Crew member 077 · Transportation Coordinator |
| Crew member 080 | Drivers | Transportation | Crew member 077 · Transportation Coordinator |
| Crew member 081 | Drivers | Transportation | Crew member 077 · Transportation Coordinator |
| Crew member 082 | Drivers | Transportation | Crew member 077 · Transportation Coordinator |
| Crew member 083 | Principal Cast | Cast | Crew member 001 · Producer |
| Crew member 084 | Supporting Cast | Cast | Crew member 083 · Principal Cast |
| Crew member 085 | Background performers where applicable | Cast | Crew member 083 · Principal Cast |
| Crew member 086 | Background performers where applicable | Cast | Crew member 083 · Principal Cast |
| Crew member 087 | Background performers where applicable | Cast | Crew member 083 · Principal Cast |
| Crew member 088 | Background performers where applicable | Cast | Crew member 083 · Principal Cast |
| Crew member 089 | Background performers where applicable | Cast | Crew member 083 · Principal Cast |
| Crew member 090 | Background performers where applicable | Cast | Crew member 083 · Principal Cast |
| Crew member 091 | Background performers where applicable | Cast | Crew member 083 · Principal Cast |
| Crew member 092 | Background performers where applicable | Cast | Crew member 083 · Principal Cast |
| Crew member 093 | Stunt Coordinator | Stunts | Crew member 001 · Producer |
| Crew member 094 | Stunt Performers | Stunts | Crew member 093 · Stunt Coordinator |
| Crew member 095 | Stunt Performers | Stunts | Crew member 093 · Stunt Coordinator |
| Crew member 096 | Stunt Performers | Stunts | Crew member 093 · Stunt Coordinator |
| Crew member 097 | Special Effects Supervisor | Special Effects | Crew member 001 · Producer |
| Crew member 098 | Special Effects Technicians | Special Effects | Crew member 097 · Special Effects Supervisor |
| Crew member 099 | Special Effects Technicians | Special Effects | Crew member 097 · Special Effects Supervisor |
| Crew member 100 | VFX Supervisor | VFX / Data | Crew member 001 · Producer |
| Crew member 101 | On-set VFX support | VFX / Data | Crew member 100 · VFX Supervisor |
| Crew member 102 | Data support where applicable | VFX / Data | Crew member 100 · VFX Supervisor |
| Crew member 103 | Script Supervisor | Script Supervision | Crew member 001 · Producer |
| Crew member 104 | Catering Lead | Catering / Craft | Crew member 001 · Producer |
| Crew member 105 | Catering Crew | Catering / Craft | Crew member 104 · Catering Lead |
| Crew member 106 | Craft Service | Catering / Craft | Crew member 104 · Catering Lead |
| Crew member 107 | Craft Service | Catering / Craft | Crew member 104 · Catering Lead |
| Crew member 108 | Craft Service | Catering / Craft | Crew member 104 · Catering Lead |
| Crew member 109 | Unit Stills Photographer | Stills / BTS / EPK | Crew member 001 · Producer |
| Crew member 110 | BTS Photographer / EPK Crew | Stills / BTS / EPK | Crew member 109 · Unit Stills Photographer |
| Crew member 111 | Security Lead | Security | Crew member 001 · Producer |
| Crew member 112 | Security Crew | Security | Crew member 111 · Security Lead |
| Crew member 113 | Set Medic | Safety / Medical | Crew member 001 · Producer |
| Crew member 114 | Safety Officer where applicable | Safety / Medical | Crew member 113 · Set Medic |
| Crew member 115 | Editor | Post-Production | Crew member 001 · Producer |
| Crew member 116 | Assistant Editor | Post-Production | Crew member 115 · Editor |
| Crew member 117 | Post Supervisor | Post-Production | Crew member 115 · Editor |
| Crew member 118 | Sound | Post-Production | Crew member 115 · Editor |
| Crew member 119 | Music | Post-Production | Crew member 115 · Editor |
| Crew member 120 | VFX | Post-Production | Crew member 115 · Editor |
| Crew member 121 | Color | Post-Production | Crew member 115 · Editor |
| Crew member 122 | Color | Post-Production | Crew member 115 · Editor |
| Crew member 123 | Client Representative | Marketing / Client | Crew member 001 · Producer |
| Crew member 124 | Marketing Lead | Marketing / Client | Crew member 123 · Client Representative |
| Crew member 125 | Agency / Brand support where applicable | Marketing / Client | Crew member 123 · Client Representative |
Production → Department → Department Head → Department Crew
A DP works across Camera, Directing, Grip, Electric, Art, Sound and Post.
Compare organizational affiliation with the cross-department communication needed to make the day work.
Move from development through prep, shooting, wrap and post to see who and what becomes relevant.
Explore the people, information and boundaries that matter to different production roles.
See how a general update, personal call time, creative review and private issue travel differently.
Follow one crew member through the repeated handoffs of hiring, preparation, shooting and the next job.
The Production disperses. The people, their professional relationships and the context of working together continue.